ORACLE DATABASE DUMP USING EXPORT

To take the full database export (Oracle 10g):

Create a Export Directory:
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On Solaris:
-----------
SQL> create or replace directory sys_dmp as '/u02/expdp';
Directory created.

On Windows:
-----------
SQL> create or replace directory sys_dmp as 'D:\expdp';
Directory created.

Create a separate export user:
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SQL> Connect /as sysdba

SQL> CREATE USER expdpadmin IDENTIFIED BY expdp default tablespace users;
User created.

Grant Export and Import Privileges.
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SQL> GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE TO expdpadmin;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT exp_full_database to expdpadmin;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> alter user expdpadmin quota unlimited on USERS;
User altered.

SQL> GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY SYS_DMP to expdpadmin;
Grant succeeded.

To check on which directories you have privilege to read & write:
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SQL> SELECT privilege, directory_name
2 FROM user_tab_privs t, all_directories d
3 WHERE t.table_name(+)=d.directory_name
4 ORDER BY 2,1;

Exporting Full Database:
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expdp expdpadmin/XXXXXX full=y directory=sys_dmp dumpfile=full_db_expdp.dmp logfile=full_db_expdp.log

Simple Steps: how to perform a full database export using export utility.

* Use either system user or any other database user who has the EXP_FULL_DATABASE privilege.
* Set the NLS_LANG environment variable according the database character set and language details.
SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters
2 where parameter in ('NLS_LANGUAGE','NLS_TERRITORY','NLS_CHARACTERSET');

PARAMETER VALUE
------------------------------ ----------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY AMERICA
NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8ISO8859P1

Windows (Dos Prompt):
C:\> set NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1

Unix/Linux:
$ export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1

* Start the export with following command and options.

exp system/password@mydbfile=c:\exportdmp\exp_fulldb_MYDB_27Aug08.dmp
full=y log= c:\exportdmp\exp_fulldb_MYDB_27Aug08.log

Note: This is just a simple export command to perform the full database export. I would request and suggest you to refer Oracle Documentations on export/import and their options. Check the references.

Help on Export and Import:

Windows:
C:\> exp help=y
C:\> imp help=y

Linux/Unix.
$ exp help=y
$ imp help=y

References:

Oracle 10g :
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14215/exp_imp.htm

Oracle 9i:
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96652/part1.htm#435787

Oracle 8i:
http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/A87860_01/doc/server.817/a76955/ch01.htm
http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/A87860_01/doc/server.817/a76955/ch02.htm

SHELL SCRIPT FOR DB EXPORT

#!/bin/bash

ORACLE_BASE="/user/oracle"

PATH="$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin"

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/OraHome

ORACLE_SID=PLMDPRD

PATH="$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin"

export PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$ORACLE_HOME/lib"

export ORACLE_SID=PLMDPRD

dt=`/bin/date +%d%m%y%H%M%S`

exportfile="/user/oracle/PLMDPRD/PLMDPRD_${dt}".dmp

#exp / full=Y file=$exportfile  buffer=512000 compress=N   statistics=none

exp user/password@PLMDPRD   buffer=512000 compress=N  file=$exportfile statistics=none GRANTS=Y  full=Y

exit 0